N.B. Under Construction - Please refer to Ancient Synagogues and Jews and Rome pages.

Avi-Yonah, M. The Jews under Roman and Byzantine Rule. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1984.

Alon, G. The Jews in their Land in the Talmudic Age. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1980-4 (2 vols.).

Balberg, Mira. Blood for Thought: The Reinvention of Sacrifice in Early Rabbinic Literature. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2017.

Feldman, Louis H. & Meyer Reinhold. Jewish Life and Thought among the Greeks and Romans. Edinburgh: T.& T.Clark, 1996.

Gafni, Isaac. Land, Centre and Diaspora: Jewish Constructs in Antiquity, JSPS suppl.21. Sheffield
Academic Press, 1997.

Goodman, Martin D. State and Society in Roman Galilee AD132-212. New Jersey: Rowman and Allanheld, 1983.

Gruen, Erich S. The Construct of Identity in Hellenistic Judaism: Essays on Early Jewish on Early Jewish Literature and History. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2016.

Hachlili, Rachel.The Menorah: Evolving into the Most Important Jewish Symbol. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2018.

Hachlili, Rachel. Ancient Synagogues - Archaeology and Art: New Discoveries and Current Research. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2013.

Hezser, Catherine. The Social Structure of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1997.

Katz, S. T., ed. The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 4: The Late Roman-Rabbinic Period.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Levine, Lee I. The Rabbinic Class of Roman Palestine in Late Antiquity. Jerusalem: Yad Ben Zvi, 1989.

Malherbe, Abraham J. Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity; Collected Essays, 1959–2012 (Supplements to Novum Testamentum, 150). Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2014.

Neusner, Jacob. A History of the Jews in Babylonia. Leiden: Brill, 1965-70 (5 volumes).

Oppenheimer, A. Babylonia Judaica in the Talmudic Period. Wiesbaden 1983.

Safrai, S. et al., eds. The Literature of the Sages (Compendium Rerum Judaicarum ad Novum Testamentum II, vol.3), parts 1 and 2. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1987 – 2006.

Schiffman, Lawrence H. Texts and Traditions. A Source Reader for the Study of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism. Hoboken NJ: Ktav Publishing House, 1998. 

Schwartz, Stephen. Imperialism and Jewish Society, 200 BCE to 640 CE. Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 2001.

Stemberger, G. Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash, trans. M. Bockmuehl, 2nd edn. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1996.